- JUDGE: An elected or appointed public official with authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law. A Judge Pro Tem is a temporary Judge.
- JUDGMENT: A final determination by the court of the rights and claims of the parties in the action, whether by default, summary judgment, declaratory judgment, consent judgment or verdict.
- JUDGMENT DEBTOR: The losing party in a lawsuit who owes the amount of the judgment to the successful party.
- JURISDICTION: The extent of the court's legal authority in a specific geographical area to interpret and apply the law. Types of jurisdictional power include subject matter, personal, territorial, concurrent and appellate jurisdiction.